One-third of State Chancellor Renner's cabinet, including crucial seats of the Secretary of State of the Interior and the Secretary of State for Education, was staffed by Austrian Communists.
Renner and his ministers were guarded and watched by NKVD bodyguards. Soviet troops in the Schönbrunn Palace gardens, 1945 Soviet acceptance of Renner was not an isolated episode their officers re-established district administrations and appointed local mayors, frequently following the advice of the locals, even before the battle was over. Seven days later Renner's cabinet took office, declared the independence of Austria from Nazi Germany and called for the creation of a democratic state along the lines of the First Austrian Republic. On 20 April 1945, the Soviets, without asking their Western allies, instructed Renner to form a provisional government. Joseph Stalin had already established a would-be future Austrian cabinet from the country's communists in exile, but Tolbukhin's telegram changed Stalin's mind in favor of Renner. On 3 April, at the beginning of the Vienna Offensive, the Austrian politician Karl Renner, then living in southern Lower Austria, established contact with the Soviets. On 29 March 1945, Soviet commander Fyodor Tolbukhin's troops crossed the former Austrian border at Klostermarienberg in Burgenland.
BATTLE OF VIENNA 1945 FULL
After Austrian promises of perpetual neutrality, Austria was accorded full independence on and the last occupation troops left on 25 October that year.įurther information: Eastern Front (World War II), Soviet occupations, and Austrian resistance Whereas Germany was divided into East and West Germany in 1949, Austria remained under joint occupation of the Western Allies and the Soviet Union until 1955 its status became a controversial subject in the Cold War until the warming of relations known as the Khrushchev Thaw. Vienna was similarly subdivided, but the central district was collectively administered by the Allied Control Council. In the immediate aftermath of World War II, Austria was divided into four zones and jointly occupied by the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United States, and France. In 1943, however, the Allies agreed in the Declaration of Moscow that Austria would instead be regarded as the first victim of Nazi aggression-without denying Austria's role in Nazi crimes-and treated as a liberated and independent country after the war. Austria was occupied by the Allies and declared independence from Nazi Germany on 27 April 1945 (confirmed by the Berlin Declaration for Germany on 5 June 1945), as a result of the Vienna Offensive and ended with the Austrian State Treaty on 27 July 1955.Īfter the Anschluss in 1938, Austria had generally been recognized as part of Nazi Germany.
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